Recommended · for some experience
How to Build an AVR Development Board
Why people recommend it
Ben Heck builds a bare AVR development board from the chip up, used to show what an Arduino actually contains and how to work without one.
Watch for: Good bridge from Arduino boards to raw microcontrollers
In their words
You should really watch the video from Ben Heck.
aaa on arduino.stackexchange.com, Apr 2016. CC BY-SA.